GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only

Circuit Description

The powertrain control module (PCM) provides 5 volts to the fuel tank pressure (FTP) sensor. The PCM monitors the voltage on the 5-volt reference circuit. If the voltage is out of tolerance, DTC P0651 sets.

DTC Descriptor

This diagnostic procedure supports the following DTC:

DTC P0651 5-Volt Reference 2 Circuit

Conditions for Running the DTC

    • The engine is running.
    • DTC P0651 runs continuously when the above condition is met.

Conditions for Setting the DTC

The PCM detects a voltage out of tolerance condition on the 5-volt reference circuit for more than 2 seconds.

Action Taken When the DTC Sets

    • The control module illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) on the second consecutive ignition cycle that the diagnostic runs and fails.
    • The control module records the operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. The first time the diagnostic fails, the control module stores this information in the Failure Records. If the diagnostic reports a failure on the second consecutive ignition cycle, the control module records the operating conditions at the time of the failure. The control module writes the operating conditions to the Freeze Frame and updates the Failure Records.

Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC

    • The control module turns OFF the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) after 3 consecutive ignition cycles that the diagnostic runs and does not fail.
    • A current DTC, Last Test Failed, clears when the diagnostic runs and passes.
    • A history DTC clears after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles, if no failures are reported by this or any other emission related diagnostic.
    • Clear the MIL and the DTC with a scan tool.

Step

Action

Values

Yes

No

Schematic Reference: Engine Controls Schematics

Connector End View Reference: Engine Controls Connector End Views or Powertrain Control Module Connector End Views

1

Did you perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle?

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Go to Step 2

Go to Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle

2

  1. Observe the Freeze Frame/Failure Records for this DTC.
  2. Turn OFF the ignition for 30 seconds.
  3. Start the engine.
  4. Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC. You may also operate the vehicle within the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records.

Did the DTC fail this ignition?

--

Go to Step 3

Go to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections

3

  1. Turn OFF the ignition.
  2. Disconnect the fuel tank pressure (FTP) sensor.
  3. Turn the ignition ON, with the engine OFF.
  4. Measure the voltage from the FTP sensor signal circuit to a good ground with the DMM.

Is the voltage less than the specified value?

0.3 V

Go to Step 4

Go to Step 10

4

Measure the voltage from the 5-volt reference circuit of the FTP sensor to a good ground with the DMM.

Is the voltage within the specified range?

4.8-5.2 V

Go to Step 5

Go to Step 7

5

  1. Select this DTC using the Specific DTC mode on the scan tool.
  2. Start the engine.

Does the scan tool indicate that the DTC failed the last test?

--

Go to Step 12

Go to Step 6

6

  1. Turn OFF the ignition.
  2. Connect the FTP sensor.
  3. Start the engine.

Does the scan tool indicate that the DTC failed the last test when the FTP is connected?

--

Go to Step 11

Go to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections

7

Does the voltage measure more than the specified value?

5 V

Go to Step 8

Go to Step 9

8

Test for a short to voltage on the 5-volt reference circuit. Refer to Circuit Testing and Wiring Repairs .

Did you find and correct the condition?

--

Go to Step 13

Go to Step  12

9

Test the 5-volt reference circuit for a short to ground or any low reference circuit. Refer to Circuit Testing and Wiring Repairs .

Did you find and correct the condition?

--

Go to Step 13

Go to Step  12

10

Repair the short to voltage in the FTP sensor signal circuit. Refer to Wiring Repairs .

Did you complete the repair?

--

Go to Step 13

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11

Replace the FTP sensor. Refer to Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Replacement .

Did you complete the replacement?

--

Go to Step 13

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12

Replace the powertrain control module (PCM). Refer to Control Module References for replacement, setup, and programming.

Did you complete the replacement?

--

Go to Step 13

--

13

  1. Clear the DTCs with a scan tool.
  2. Turn OFF the ignition for 30 seconds.
  3. Start the engine.
  4. Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC. You may also operate the vehicle within the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records.

Did the DTC fail this ignition?

--

Go to Step  2

Go to Step 14

14

Observe the Capture Info with a scan tool.

Are there any DTCs that have not been diagnosed?

--

Go to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle

System OK